In situ soil mixing of Apatite II is effective in remediating Pb-contaminated soil and sediments that have been contaminated by various activities, particularly at firing ranges and ordnance test site. The Apatite II treatment reduces the average leaching of Pb treated soil to below 0.005 mg/L in treated soil eliminates potential impacts to groundwater and surface water run-off. Waste classification results from Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) tests are also favorably impacted, the treated soil usually meeting non-hazardous waste classification criteria.

Apatite II treatment also reduces the Pb bioaccessibility of the soil, stimulates complete biological degradation of TNT, RDX and perchlorate, and allows biological activity in mized waste systems usually fatal to microbial communities.

Camp Stanley Firing Range Paper

Camp Stanley Cost & Performance Report

TNT, RDX, Perclorate Remediation Paper 

McClellan AFB Remediation Presentation

Fertilizer Plant Remediation Presentation

Apatite II Remediation of Firing/Ordnance Range Soils at Camp Stanley, Texas